Childhood obesity program logic model

For example, a state may enact enabling legislation in support of complete streets. Implementation is the extent to which a policy is applied as intended among levels, settings, and sectors. For example, implementing farm-to-school policy can occur at the state, school district, and local school levels. Additional outputs include acceptability and affordability. Evaluation of farm-to-school implementation might address whether locally grown foods were delivered to schools and served in cafeterias as intended; cafeteria staff, parent, and student response ie, acceptability ; and the effects on the cost of school lunches ie, affordability.

For farm-to-school policies, outputs include whether schools continue to order and serve the same or greater amounts of locally grown foods as when the program started. Policies may also need to be modified. For example, municipalities may have restrictions on foods served in school cafeterias; policies may need to be modified to allow schools to serve foods grown in school gardens. Outcomes are the desired and unanticipated results of a policy. Short-term outcomes are changes to the environment that promote healthier foods and increase physical activity.

Changes can occur in the following types of environments 18 :. An increase in the amount of fruits and vegetables available in school cafeterias is an example of a short-term outcome of farm-to-school policy. Intermediate outcomes also refer to changes in social norms related to obesity and the behaviors that prevent it Practitioners cannot anticipate all possible consequences and, therefore, should assess both positive and negative unintended outcomes For example, incorporating local foods into unhealthy recipes is a potential unintended consequence of farm-to-school policies.

The long-term goal of obesity prevention policy is to be effective, equitable, and cost-effective at the population level The policy should have the potential to contribute effectively to improvements that are distributed equitably across subgroups to reduce disparities in obesity and obesity-related health outcomes 2.

Policies also should be cost-effective; in other words, they should use resources in ways that contribute to improvements that are equal to or greater than alternative policies or programs. Although the framework outlines short-term, intermediate, and long-term outcomes, many initiatives will capture change only in short-term outcomes ie, changes to the environment.

CDC guidance on community-level obesity prevention identifies a range of measures that can be used to assess environmental change Changing behaviors and health outcomes at the population level will require multiple initiatives and an extended period and will, therefore, often exceed the scope of any single initiative 2. Practitioners can draw on the Center TRT framework to identify and adapt components to include in their progressive logic models.

For example, practitioners who are evaluating the formulation of a policy will identify inputs such as data needed to assess political will, develop the policy, and identify stakeholders formative evaluation. They will then identify activities and outputs that are relevant to formulating policy such as engaging stakeholders, raising awareness, and drafting policy solutions process evaluation.

Although it is premature to measure outcomes at the stage of policy formulation, practitioners still should identify the intended outcomes, which may change as the process evolves.

In addition to revising logic models as they progress through the policy-making process, practitioners also should revise them in response to changes in elected officials and in the broader economic and social environment 9.

Figure 2 provides an illustration of a logic model for a farm-to-school policy that is in the formulating stage of policy making. Figure 2. The emergent logic model presents inputs, activities, outputs, and outcomes that might be included in a farm-to-school policy initiative during the formulation stage of the policy-making process.

Solid lines depict components that apply to the current state of policy. Dotted lines depict potential future activities, outputs, and outcomes. Once a logic model has been created, practitioners can use it as a guide to developing evaluation questions and an evaluation plan. Center TRT has created a list of evaluation questions and potential data sources that are mapped to components of the framework available by request to corresponding author. The list includes sections related to formative, process, and outcomes evaluation.

Identifying processes and outputs during policy formulation may be important to retaining stakeholder engagement before policy enactment. Furthermore, evaluation findings are critical to identifying and addressing areas in need of improvement. Findings can, for example, help to distinguish whether disappointing outcomes are due to problems with the policy or with its implementation.

Also, it will be possible to organize quests and volunteering events. However, our organization will be primarily focused on Hispanic children since this group is our target population. The analyzed health problem is obesity in Hispanic children. This health concern is rather common at all levels in the US. At the state level, it is noted that parent-reported weight and height of children cause the overestimated body mass index until the age of ten and underestimated in later ages Long et al.

Still, there is a high prevalence of the disease at the state level. At the local level, the problem differs depending on regions and environments. There is strong evidence of obesity being related to the target population. The causal theory of the identified health problem incorporates several aspects.

Sahoo et al. However, there is also evidence that childhood obesity may be developed by increased portion sizes, excessive sugar intake, and refusal to engage in physical activity Sahoo et al. If this health problem is not addressed, it may lead to serious adverse outcomes concerning social and emotional well-being, physical health, and self-esteem. The disease is also related to such co-morbid conditions as hepatic, pulmonary, cardiovascular, and metabolic disorders Sahoo et al.

Also, as Simmonds, Llewellyn, Owen, and Woolacott remark that childhood obesity may lead to adult obesity, which is a highly dangerous factor. The specific issues our organization will address are the education of children and their parents of healthy eating habits and physical training. The mission of the program is to reduce the rates of childhood obesity among Hispanic children within a twelve-month period.

The organization sets process and outcome objectives the achievement of which will demonstrate the success of our activity:. Plan objectives are to arrange the work of the organization in the most effective way, to establish a friendly atmosphere within the team as well as with the collaborative agency, and to encourage the vulnerable population group to participate in the program. The organizational plan incorporates the central elements of the program, demonstrates how resources are obtained and allocated, and shows the relationship between these components.

The most crucial resources and inputs necessary for the implementation of the project are the detailed plan, expense money, the team of employees, and equipment. The plan is closely associated with the SMART objectives and logic model, and it includes the following steps:.

The team of employees is a crucial resource for the project. The organization has twenty staff members, each of whom specializes in some of the spheres related to the key problem.

Thus, there are dieticians, therapists, physical health instructors, nurses, psychologists, and social workers. The equipment needed includes laptops, a printer, whiteboards, colored paper and crayons, physical training gear, and medical appliances to measure weight, height, blood, and sugar of the children participating in the campaign.

Detailed milestones and responsibilities are described in a table in the logic model section. This plan includes the description of the activities involved in the program. The first intervention is concentrated on educating children and parents about healthy eating habits. The reason for choosing this approach is that most frequently, unhealthy food choices become the cause of childhood obesity. Therefore, it is crucial to explain why children prone to excessive weight should eat a balanced diet.

The second intervention is focused on encouraging physical activity and reducing sedentary lifestyle choices. Due to the project, we be prepared to achieve a considerable reduction in the cases of the identified ailment.

The collaboration with this particular agency will undoubtedly be performed by means of an alliance. We is friendly, and a lot of the staff has degrees in healthcare, nursing, or social work.

We have the issue from the within, and we are wanting to fight childhood obesity, beginning with an area level and gradually achieving the national one.

Together, we shall arrange some educational seminars for children and their parents. However, our company will be primarily centered on Hispanic children since this group is our target population. The analyzed medical condition is obesity in Hispanic children. This health concern is quite common at all levels in america. At hawaii level, it really is noted that parent-reported weight and height of children cause the overestimated body mass index before age of ten and underestimated in later ages Long et al.

Still, there exists a high prevalence of the condition at hawaii level. At the neighborhood level, the issue differs based on regions and environments. The causal theory of the identified medical condition incorporates several aspects. Sahoo et al. However, addititionally there is evidence that childhood obesity could be developed by increased food portion sizes, excessive sugar intake, and refusal to activate in exercise Sahoo et al.

If this medical condition is not addressed, it could result in serious adverse outcomes concerning social and emotional well-being, physical health, and self-esteem. The condition is also linked to such co-morbid conditions as hepatic, pulmonary, cardiovascular, and metabolic disorders Sahoo et al.

Also, as Simmonds, Llewellyn, Owen, and Woolacott remark that childhood obesity can lead to adult obesity, that is a highly dangerous factor. The precise issues our company will address will be the education of children and their parents of healthy diet plan and physical training. The mission of this program is to decrease the rates of childhood obesity among Hispanic children inside a twelve-month period. The business sets process and outcome objectives the achievement that will demonstrate the success of our activity:.

Plan objectives are to set up the work of the business in the simplest way, to establish an agreeable atmosphere within the team along with with the collaborative agency, also to encourage the vulnerable population group to take part in this program. The organizational plan incorporates the central components of this program, demonstrates how resources are obtained and allocated, and shows the partnership between these components.

The most important resources and inputs essential for the implementation of the project will be the detailed plan, expense money, the team of employees, and equipment.

The program is closely linked to the SMART objectives and logic model, also it includes the next steps:.